Freedom to Discriminate

Introduction: Gettysburg 1964



Part One. Limiting Individual Freedom for the Common Good: Early 1900s-Early 1920s

1. Progressive Reformers of Real Estate

2. The Public Power of a Private Club

3. It's the Restrictions on Your Neighbors Which Count

4. Implementing Racial Exclusion



Part Two. An Ideology to Institutionalize Segregation: Early 1920s-Late 1940s

5. Undesirable Human Elements

6. Shaping Federal Housing Programs

7. Reconciling the War against Hitler with a New Racial Entitlement



Part Three. Freedom of Association: Late 1940s-Late 1950s

8. Defending Racial Covenants

9. Recommitting to Segregation after Shelley

10. Using Freedom of Association to Intensify Segregation

11. The Idea of a National Conservative Party



Part Four. Freedom of Choice: Late 1950s-June 1963

12. Struggling for an Ideology to Defend against Fair Housing

13. Creating a Standardized Ideology of Freedom



Part Five. A National Crusade in California: June 1963-November 1964

14. A Constitutional Amendment to Permanently Protect Discrimination

15. Racial Moderation to Continue Segregation

16. Redefining Freedom and America's Founding

17. A Battle between Two Visions of Freedom



Part Six. An Earthquake: 1965-1968

18. Reagan and the Realtors

19. Realtor Victories against Fair Housing

20. To Defeat the Realtors

21. An Ideology of Freedom for a National Conservative Party



Part Seven. American Legacy: 1969-

22. The Continuation of Residential Segregation

23. A Legacy for Civil Rights

24. Who American Freedom is for



Acknowledgments

Notes

Bibliography and Works Cited

About the Author

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housing;redline;redlining;discrimination;development;homeowner;bipoc;blm;policy;public;realtors;real estate;homeowner;segregation;urban;rural;berkeley;bay area;America